Printing Knowledge

Some of the most common printing papers are bond, book, cover, bristol, newsprint, duplicator, and mimeograph. User for each of these kinds of paper and information about their basic sizes and basis weights are included in, Figure 5-6. Basic size is …

There are two fundamental steps in papermaking. First, the fibrous raw material, or cellulose, from pulpwood, nonwood fibers, or recycled papers is converted into pulp, a mass of fibers suitable for papermaking. Second, the pulp is interwoven and bon…

Cellulose fiber. The principal raw material for producing paper is cellulose fibers, which are short, threadlike structures. Cellulose fiber is the basic building block of plant matter, and large amounts of it can be extracted from wood. There are fo…

Making paper by hand is an excellent way to become familiar with the basic procedures of papermaking. Extensive equipment and materials are not required. Equipment includes a tub large pail, a mold, and a deckle. These three items are shown in Figure…

Many types materials can be printed. Plastic, glass and fabric are just some. However, by far the most important printed material is paper. Paper is needed for letterheads, envelopes, invoices, checks, travel brochures, calendars, advertising pieces …

The origin of narrow-web flexography is usually placed in the period immediately after WW ll. At that time, Mark andrews Sr. (1904~1980), the founder of Mark Andy, Inc., made his first presses for printing on the then new product, "scotch Tape." Ot…

Narrow-web flexo has most recently been defined as any web width less than 20" (508mm). While this is an arbitrary designation, it will serve as a definition for this chapter. The vast majority of narrow-web presses, however, are 16" (406mm) or les…

Folding cartons have been printed by flexo for many years, but it has only been in the past 10 years that the industry has started using state-of-the-art central impression presses for this application. Pizza cartons illustrate the type of work that …

The in-line press is the third commonly used type of wide-web press. Its color stations are separate, complete units horizontally mounted one to the other, and may be driven by a common line-shaft. In-line presses can be manufactured with any number …

The central impression press, sometimes called a drum, common impression or CI press, supports all of its color stations around a single steel impression cylinder mounted in the main press frame, Figure 4-7. The impression cylinder supports the web, …

In the stack press (Figure 4-6), individual color stations (sometimes called sections or decks) are stacked one over the both sides of a main press frame. Each color station is driven through gear trains supported by the main press frame. Stack press…

The U.S. population of gravure presses has undergone substantial expansion and rebuilding in recent years. Nonetheless, there are still many different folder configurations in use. The following section describes the types of folders used in the indu…

Signatures. A complete sheet containing all the artwork for a cylinder is called a signature. By examining or taking apart a magazine or book, it is often possible to see how it was assembled from individual signatures. A folded signature, depending …

Sheetfed Gravure.  Although almost all gravure production is on web presses, sheetfed gravure presses still exist. Sheetfed gravure is used for proofing; for printing jobs which must be printed on paper available only as sheet; for fine art reproduc…

Gravure packaging and product presses are divided into two distinct groups for light weight versus heavy weight substrates. Typical products for light weight substrates include but are not limited to flexible packaging, gift wraps, paper and foil lab…

Publication presses are designed for high speed printing high quality color publications. Typical products include magazine, Sunday newspaper magazines, catalogs, newspaper inserts, and advertising printing. The product requirements of publication gr…

Every gravure press is a custom-buit machine, designed and engineered for a specific range of products. A packaging press producing 26-inch-wide labels is identical in principle to a floor covering press printing 15--foot-wide vinyl floor coverings. …

All web-fed gravure presses start from an unwinder, which serves the purpose of unwinding a roll of substrate, deeping, keeping adequate tension on the web. The printing unit, figure 4-1, the heart of the gravure press, consists of the following comp…

Solid ink film measurement. To maintain image quality during the pressrun, the operator is concerned with the ink film thickness being printed on the paper. When ink films are too thin, the images will appear to be washed out. When ink films are prin…

Densitometry, colorimetry, and spectrophotometry are the three methods used to measure color in the graphic arts. The densitometer measures optical density. It is essentially colorblind, measuring only the level of reflectance of the transmittance of…